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Molten salt electrolyzer

It is mainly used to produce low melting point metals. It is characterized by operating at high temperatures, and should try to prevent moisture from entering and hydrogen ions from reducing on the cathode. For example, when preparing metal sodium, because the cathodic reduction potential of sodium ions is very negative, it is difficult to reduce. It is necessary to use anhydrous molten salt or molten hydroxide without hydrogen ions to avoid hydrogen precipitation from the cathode. For this reason, the electrolysis process needs to be carried out at a high temperature. For example, when sodium hydroxide is melted by electrolysis, the temperature is 310 ℃. If sodium chloride is contained in it as a mixed electrolyte, the electrolysis temperature is about 650 ℃.
The high temperature of the electrolytic cell can be achieved by changing the electrode spacing and converting the electric energy consumed by the ohmic voltage drop into heat energy. When electrolyzing molten sodium hydroxide, iron or nickel can be used as the tank body. When electrolyzing molten electrolytes containing chlorides, a small amount of water is inevitably brought into the raw materials, which will cause the anode to generate moist chlorine gas, which has a strong corrosion effect on the electrolytic tank. Therefore, ceramic or phosphate materials are generally used for electrolyzing molten chlorides, and iron can be used for the parts not affected by chlorine gas. The cathode and anode products in the molten salt electrolyzer are also required to be properly separated, and should be led out of the bath as soon as possible to prevent the cathode product sodium metal floating on the electrolyte surface for a long time, which will further interact with the anode product or the oxygen in the air.

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Molten salt electrolyzer

Molten salt electrolyzer

Nov 25,2022

It is mainly used to produce low melting point metals. It is characterized by operating at high temperatures, and should try to prevent moisture from entering and hydrogen ions from reducing on the cathode. For example, when preparing metal sodium, because the cathodic reduction potential of sodium ions is very negative, it is difficult to reduce. It is necessary to use anhydrous molten salt or molten hydroxide without hydrogen ions to avoid hydrogen precipitation from the cathode. For this reason, the electrolysis process needs to be carried out at a high temperature. For example, when sodium hydroxide is melted by electrolysis, the temperature is 310 ℃. If sodium chloride is contained in it as a mixed electrolyte, the electrolysis temperature is about 650 ℃. The high temperature of the electrolytic cell can be achieved by changing the electrode spacing and converting the electric energy consumed by the ohmic voltage drop into heat energy. When electrolyzing molten sodium hydroxide, iron or nickel can be used as the tank body. When electrolyzing molten electrolytes containing chlorides, a small amount of water is inevitably brought into the raw materials, which will cause the anode to generate moist chlorine gas, which has a strong corrosion effect on the electrolytic tank. Therefore, ceramic or phosphate materials are generally used for electrolyzing molten chlorides, and iron can be used for the parts not affected by chlorine gas. The cathode and anode products in the molten salt electrolyzer are also required to be properly separated, and should be led out of the bath as soon as possible to prevent the cathode product sodium metal floating on the electrolyte surface for a long time, which will further interact with the anode product or the oxygen in the air.

Classification according to electrolyte

Classification according to electrolyte

Nov 25,2022

Aqueous solution electrolyzer The form of aqueous solution electrolyzer can be divided into diaphragm electrolyzer and non diaphragm electrolyzer. Diaphragm electrolyzer can also be divided into homogeneous membrane (asbestos wool), ionic membrane and solid electrolyte membrane (such as β- Al2O3); Diaphragm free electrolytic cell is also divided into mercury electrolytic cell and oxidation electrolytic cell. When different electrolytes are used, the structure of the electrolytic cell is different. Aqueous solution electrolyzers are divided into diaphragm and non diaphragm. Diaphragm electrolyzer is generally used. Diaphragm free electrolytic cells are used in chlorate production and mercury production of chlorine and caustic soda. The production intensity of electrolytic cell can be improved by increasing the electrode surface area in unit volume as much as possible. Therefore, most of the electrodes in modern diaphragm electrolyzers are vertical. The performance and characteristics of electrolytic cells are different due to different materials, structures and installation of internal components